Lacto-N-neodifucohexaose I (LNnDFH I)

Lacto-N-neodifucohexaose I (LNnDFH I)  is a rare difucosylated type 2 chain human milk oligosaccharide found in trace amounts (0.1-0.5%) in secretor mothers' milk, appearing as a white lyophilized powder prized for advanced glycan research and selectin ligand studies. This hexasaccharide combines Lewis X [Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc] and H-antigen [Fucα1-2Gal] motifs on LNnT core, serving as ultra-high affinity E/P-selectin ligand (KD 0.1-1 μM) for leukocyte tethering/rolling while blocking norovirus GII.17, Helicobacter pylori BabA adhesin (>95% inhibition), and Group B Streptococcus via multivalent Lewis presentation; selectively catabolized by Bifidobacterium infantis dual fucosidases AfcB/FucA2, it exhibits potent tolerogenic activity inducing regulatory T-cells (FoxP3+CD25+), ameliorates DSS colitis by 70%, supports hippocampal neurogenesis via BDNF/TrkB signaling, and functions as gold standard difuco-Le^x standard for cancer glycomimetics mimicking dimeric sLeX structures, demonstrating gastric stability pH 2-10, >450 g/L solubility, and indefinite lyophilized stability. ​ Appearance White amorphous hygroscopic powder; odorless. Water solubility >450 g/L; clear solutions pH 5.5-8.5. ​ Source 0.1-0.5% total HMOs in Lewis+/secretor+ mothers' milk. Dual enzymatic fucosylation: α1-3FucT + α1-2FucT on LNnT. ​ Molecular Weight and Structure 999.91 g/mol, formula C₃₈H₆₄N₂O₂₉. Fucα1-2Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc difuco-LNnT. ​ Sugar Specificity B. infantis AfcB/FucA2 dual fucosidases; ultra-high E/P-selectin avidity. H. pylori BabA/norovirus GII.17 receptor mimic. ​ Biological Activity Induces Treg differentiation (FoxP3+ 3x control); DSS colitis protection 70%. Hippocampal BDNF/TrkB neurogenesis; GBS biofilm disruption. ​ Purity and Microbial Contamination ≥97% HPLC/NMR; mono-fuco isomers <1%. Endotoxins <5 EU/mg; research-grade sterile. ​ Identity and Quality Control ¹H-NMR dual Fuc H1 (5.12/5.28 ppm); LC-MS [M+2Na]²⁺ 511. HPAEC Fuc:Gal:GlcNAc:Glc 2:2:1:1 stoichiometry. ​ Shelf Life and Storage Indefinite -20°C lyophilized; 36 months 4°C desiccated. N₂ sealed; highly hygroscopic <40% RH. ​ Applications Potent selectin inhibitors; Treg-inducing immunotherapeutics. Advanced HMO therapeutics; cancer glycomimetics. ​ Key Characteristics Dimeric Lewis X+H antigen; extreme selectin avidity. Distal colon Bifido-selective; gastric impenetrable. ​ Citation Links https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38145749/ ​ https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11469638/ ​ https://www.glyxera.com/product/lnnfp-i/ ​ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1096717623001829 ​ https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/53477883 ​ https://glycosmos.org/structure/LNnDFH-I ​ https://www.cd-bioglyco.com/lacto-n-neodifucohexaose-i ​ https://foodb.ca/compounds/FDB024035 ​ https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0006577 ​ https://www.elicityl-oligotech.com/human-milk-oligosaccharides-hmo ​